Excavating dipper construction



y 935. w. H. BRUNE 2,003,067

EXCAVATING DILPPER consmucrlbu Filed Feb. 19', 1951 5 Sheets-She et i y 1935- w. H BRUNE: 2,003,067

EXC'AVATING DI PPER dousmucnon Y Fiied Feb. 19, 193 1 ssiwets sheet 2 Patented May 28, 1935 UNITED S T-2 5 PATENT OFFICE" 1 EXCAVATING DlPPER CONSTRUCTION William HI 'Brun'c, Chicago Heights, Ill. 7 Application February 19, 1931, Serial No. 516,884 8, Claims. (01. 214-145) This invention relates to excavating imple- 5 end closed by a movable door, which said implements are usually manipulated by power applied through the medium of a directing stick,

and flexible lifting connections, and called dippers. a

The object of theinvention is to improve the construction of such an implement, and particularly that portion thereof which is concerned with the movable door, the means for mounting said door and the elements of control upon the body of the dipper; the construction of the latch through which the door is releasably held in closed position; and the designing of the latch keeper in a manner to protect it from injury and at the same time adapt it to serve as a picking blade for raking material iroma disadvantageous position to a position in which it is more accessible to the scooping action of the dipper. I

The invention proceeds upon the principle of having the door, as well as the confines'of the rear opening of the dipper which-it closes, constructed with a deflection at an intermediate horizontal line, at a substantial angle thatlwill cause the contents of the dipper to dump more readily and to begin to discharge more promptly than with doors heretofore constructed; also in having hinges through which the door ismounted upon the dipper constructed with characteristic sections aifording stifiness transversely of the hinges, and secured through the medium of flanges on these hinges to flanges integral with the door, transverse abutting faces being likewise provided on the door and hinges, and the several meeting faces being suitably riveted together; having the hinges of the door and flexibly connected controls united to the body of the dipper through means of hinges, the butts of which comprise cylindrical enlargements on the body of the dipper, with a pintle opening therethrough and with channels cut transversely through the butts and intersecting the pintleopenings to receive the hinging ends of the parts that are to be connected; having a novel construction of door latch characterizedby a controlling lever pivoted upon a threaded strut, longitudinally adjustable in'a direction which changes the initial or looking position of the latch bolt; and having the keeper for-[the latch constructedwith a picking spade eigtending sufficiently beyond: the confines'ofthe keeper toprevent impact of the latter with destructive mate rials thatare to be attacked through the dipper, and-presented in such relation to the heel of the dipper as to permit of its being used as a- Pick when the dipper, in upstandingposition, is manipulated in a downward and inward direction.

In the accompanying. 'drawings-- 7 Figure l is a side elevation, and Figure 2 a bottom plan viewoi a dipper embodying the several features of the present invention; the re'-' placeableteeth-of the dipper (shown in-Figure 1 but having no bearing upon the present inven-1 tion) being omitted in Figure 2. 5

Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the door,- its hinges (minus their bearing ends) and the latching mechanism. v V

Figure eisa-top plan view of'the bodyof the dipper. showing particularly the integral barrellike butts formed thereon and channelled for the admission of parts that are to bepivotally connected therewith through the medium 1 of pintles (not shown). r

Figure 5 is an elevational View of the" front open end of the dipper showing the bail ears and one of the integral channelled butts through which hinging connections are made.

Figures 6 and 7 are, respectively, a face view and an edge view of the dipperbail, the former including one of the pivotal connections of the bail and a portion, in se'ction, of one of the bail attaching ears.

Figure 8 is a detail View of one of thebail pintles. Figures 9 and 10 are two views, asseen in directions at right angles to each other and'on a greatly'enlarged-scale, of the means which" secures the bail pintle in place;

Figure 11 is a section on the line I I ai-I mof Figure 3. V Figure 12 is a'section 'on the line l 2xl"2a:' ch

Figure 3. c Figure 13 is a section on' the line 'l3'a:--I=3a: of

Figure 12. Y

Figure 14 is a-s'ectio'n of the latch lever on line Him-44m of Figure 3, minus parts associated therewith in Figure 3-. o I

Figure 15 is a section through'a portion ofthe p v s t and' omitting the bail and its pintle;

Figure 17 is a s'ectionpn-the line. |i1m=llzn of I Figure 11;

with replaceable point teeth C, a lifting bail D,

dipper stick E pivoted to the body A at F and angularly controlling the body through means of a link G pivoted to the body at H and to the stick at I, and a door K pivoted to the body at L through hinges M and secured in closed position by latch N.

Except for the novel hereinafter disclosed, andlexcept for the novel construction of the replaceable tooth Cwhich combines with a dipper body A through the.

medium of undercut channels C, confining straps C2 and rivets 03, as described in my copending application, Serial No. 426,208, the parts thus far describedgmay be of known general ar-- rangement and function.

According to the present invention, the wall I of the door K and the confines 2 of the rear open end of the body Ayare designed, respectively, with substantial deflections 3, 4, which ,cause the lower portions ,of said'door and con-' finesto meet in a plane which has a downward andrearward inclination; or ,whenthe upper portion of the confine'Z and. the corresponding portion of the door wall I are downwardly and rearwardly inclined, as shown in Figure 1, these lower portions or" said members lying below the deflections 3 and 4 are inclined rearwardly to a greater angle. The effect of so deflecting, a

substantial portion of the free end of the door is to enhance the dumping eflect and the 'promptness with which the dipper is evacuated when the door is released, besides causing that area of the contained mass which lies toward the free end of the door to begin to move in advance of the remainder of the body of mass, "and thus make for a, more successful evacuation than when the entire mass is retarded until the door reaches a relatively wide angle, in which latter case the mass, when of a sticky, clayey nature, tends to wedge between the walls and retard evacuation. With a door shaped in principle as illustrated, the less inclined portion of the door, at the beginning of the opening movement,; exerts greater retardation against the mass than the portion of greater inclination "which is toward the free end of the door.

Another advantage of the described design of door; is that it adds to the capacity of the dipper without a corresponding increase in the overall ,fore-and-aft dimensions in that wall of the dipper to which the controlsare pivoted.

In order to provide pivotal connections for the door hinges and other controls which are to be mounted upon the rear wall of the dip per, said body is provided with one or more 'pintle butts 5, 5a and 5?), preferably cast integrally with the dipper body, having bores 6, 6a, and 61) for the reception "of the pintles F, H, I

and L, and having transverse channels 1, 1a

only by bolts 2Id but by a tongue and groove ate of the knuckle seats I, la, 1b on the respective hinging butts, are minor transverse chanstructural conditions 7 door plate.

nels ll, Ha, and Nb for the introduction of cotters, keys or the like for securing the several pintles against longitudinal displacement after the parts are assembled.

Hinges M are constructed with flanged sections, for instance, the T-section shown (Figures 1'7 and 18), or other section affording an attaching flange l2, and through means of said flange the hinges are riveted to upstanding bracket flanges l3, preferably braced as shown at M, formedon the door plate l; these overlapping flanges I2 and I3 being firmly united by rivets l5, as shown. In addition to the long longitudinal abutting faces through which the -hinges and the door are united and which are approximately coextensive with the radius through which the door acts, these hinges have transverse positioning flanges l6 through which they abut, against'the inner marginal confine I! of the door plate I, to which they are riveted as at l8.

The integral attaching flanges 3, with their bracing brackets l4 and the riveted flanged hinges M, lend great stiffness to the plate I of the door, and this plate is additionally stiffened by the marginal flanges ll, Ila, which are perpendicular to the plate I, and by horizontal strutting flanges H! (see Figure 3).

It will be noted that the flanges [1, Ha, standing forwardly outward from the Wall plate I of the door and in perimetrical positions coinciding with the confines 2 of the rear open end of the body A, define with the door plate I, a cavity that adds its capacity to that of the dipper; the said outstanding flanges also, restrict lateral spill of the material; the cavity, during its rearward, swing,- develops suction uponsticky material filling the said cavity at the time of dumping, thereby lending initial assistance to evacuation; and the flanges lend rigidity to the door in addition to that bestowed by the flange-like 'hinging members which stand integrally outward from the rear face of the It will also be noted, with respect to the inwardly presented cavity of the door, that its side walls at their lower face swinging portions, as' also do the side confines of the discharge opening, partake of the rearward angular deflection of the door plate, and said door Walls diminish to zero at the swinging end of .the door so that the door plate lies directly against thebody wall at the extreme swinging end of the door.

The latching mechanism of the door comprises a bolt 20, its housing box 21 and latch lever 22 fulcrumed at 23 on fulcrum strut 24 comprising a fixed bolt adjustably secured by nuts 25 in the lugs 26. Lever 22 carries pin 21 through which it engages in one or the other of the holes 28 in the upper end of said bolt 20. Theiree end of said lever .22 works behind the arcuate confining guide 29. Fulcruming pin 23 and bolt engaging-pin 21 are. held in place, re-

spectively, by cotters 23a and 28a inserted through upstanding projections 23b and 28b on the lever 22 and overlying the outer ends of said bolts. Bolt housing 2!, as shown in Figures' l2 and I3, comprise base Zia, guide walls Zlb and cover plate Zlc, which is secured not connection 2 le as shown in Figure 13.

The latch keeper 20a is in the form of a hoe or broad picking blade protruding from the bottom wall of the dipper in position to serve the function of a pick ,or hoe for scraping ma terial from a relatively inaccessible position to a position where it may be picked up by the dipper, and this blade 20a has a socket 20b in position to receive the bolt 20 of the latch.

For the purpose of mounting the bail D upon the dipper body, the latter is provided with integral ears 30, the opposite faces of which are fashioned to receive into bearing the faces 3| on the inner members 32 of the bifurcated bail ends, while the outer surfaces of said ears are recessed to receive into bearing the protruding studs 33 integral with the inner faces of the outer members 34 of the bifurcated ends of the bail. The bail and hail ears being given the construction as just described, the ends of the bail may be articulated with the bail ears and the body of the dipper by means of pintles 35 having enlarged ends 36 which afford radial bearings for the inner members 32 of the bifurcated bail ends, while the shoulders formed by said ends 36 enter into longitudinal bearing against the bail ears, and the shank 31 extends through radial bearing stud 33 on the outer member of the bifurcated bail end and receives in its neck 39 the split washer 40 (shown on an enlarged scale in Figures 9 and 10) that provides the outer shoulder on the pintle and prevents displacement of the bail on its articu lation.

I claim:

1. An excavating dipper having a rear discharge opening and a door constructed with hinging means adapting it to swing to open and close said opening; said door having its portion which lies nearer to its axis of hinging movement and its portion which lies nearer to its end which swings in the opening movement substantially straight from side to side but in two planes, at a substantial angle one to the other, thereby developing in said door a substantial arch through which the door supports the load within the dipper, and whereby, in swinging to open position, the door affords more effective release of the contents of the dipper; the lateral confines of the rear discharge opening through which the body receives the door when closed, lying in planes conforming to those of the door.

2. In an excavating dipper having a discharge opening, and a door for closing said opening, hinges through which the door is mounted upon the dipper, means for mounting said hinges upon said door comprising a flange on the door upstanding from the plane of the door, a flange on the hinge overlapping the lateral face of said flange on the door, and rivets or the like passing through the overlapped portions of and securing said flanges together.

3. An excavating dipper having a discharge opening and a door for closing said opening, means for mounting the door upon the dipper comprising a flange upstanding from the surface of the door, a hinge pivoted upon the dippeer and constructed with a T-section, with the web that forms the stem of the T lapping upon the lateral face of and riveted to the flange on the door.

4. An excavating dipper as described in claim saidflanges whereby the webs of the hinges are also positioned perpendicularly to said brackets.

6. In an excavating dipper, a door hinge and a cylindrical pintle butt formed integral with, extending across and strengthening the back of the dipper, channeled transversely through its pintle bearing but not entirely through the butt and leaving lateral bearing faces for the hinge,

an articulating bearing carried by said hinge,

fitting between said bearing faces, and a pintle in said butt passing through said hinge, sustained by said butt against bending and limiting the forces imposed by the hinge upon the pintle to stresses in shear.

'7. In an excavating dipper, means for establishing an articulated connection with said dipper, comprising an integral cylindrical butt providing a strengthening rib extending across the back of the dipper, provided with a pintle bore and having transverse channels extending partially through it intersecting said bore.

8. In an excavating dipper, a front or digging wall, a back wall and two side walls, all of which walls extend approximately parallel to the digging axis of the dipper and are assembled as confines of a dipper body having a forward open charging end and a rear discharge opening, and a door approximately transverse to said digging axis, hinged to the back wall and perimetrically conforming to the confines of and swinging to open and close the said rear discharge opening, the said door being provided on both faces with upstanding stiffening ribs 

